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PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing
----------------------------------
Communications program
----------------------------------
PC-VCO is distributed freely and may be copied by anyone for any number
of machines. The author considers PC-VCO to be "shareware" or "freeware".
If the program is found to be useful or entertaining, a contribution of
$35.00 is requested. If response warrants, PC-VCO will be enhanced and
extended. The author may be reached at:
R. (Scott) McGinnis
P.O. Box 3607 Mdse Mart
Chicago, IL 60654-0607
PLINK, GEnie id: TARTAN
Version 1.3: 861222
R.McGinnis; Chicago
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing
Version 1.3: 861222
Table of Contents
-----------------
I. Introduction ................................................. page 1
II. Running the program .......................................... page 3
III. CRT Display .................................................. page 4
IV. VCO Display .................................................. page 5
V. Commands - available in both modes ............................ page 7
VI. Commands - CRT mode only ...................................... page 9
VII. Commands - VCO mode only ...................................... page 11
VIII. Dialing (Alt-D, Alt-R and Alt-H) .............................. page 14
IX. Macros (Alt-M and Alt-0/9) .................................... page 17
X. Program Configuration (Alt-S, Alt-P, Alt-O and Alt-J) ......... page 18
XI. File Transfer (F3, F4, F5, F6, Alt-F) ......................... page 25
XII. Miscellaneous Functions ....................................... page 29
XIII. DOS Gateway (Alt-F10) ......................................... page 32
XIV. Script Language ............................................... page 33
XV. Program Requirements .......................................... page 41
XVI. Program and Author Information ............................... page 42
Appendices
----------
A. Switches and Parameters ....................................... page 43
B. PC-VCO Error display .......................................... page 46
C. Speech Driver ................................................. page 47
D. Exception file ................................................ page 48
E. Files ......................................................... page 49
F. Windowed XMODEM (WXMODEM) ..................................... page 50
G. ANSI graphics ................................................. page 51
I. Example Scripts ............................................... page 52
J. Command Index ................................................. page 53
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 1
Version 1.3: 861222
I. Introduction
A. What is PC-VCO?
PC-VCO for the IBM PC is a communications program with two sides.
On the one hand, it provides standard comm program functions: a
dialing directory, macros, disc logging, XMODEM and ASCII file
transfer, and so on. However, used with network conferencing
services such as People/Link's PARTY, CompuServe's CB and GEnie's
RTC conferencing, PC-VCO provides a way to 'see' and 'hear' people
talking.
The idea for PC-VCO was derived from the VCO system, and its
predecessor/ancestor VMCO, developed for the MacIntosh computer.
The VCO programs (PC and MacIntosh) allow you to see the people you
communicate with on-line, using the graphic capabilities of the
personal computer and to hear conversation with speech synthesis.
B. MacIntosh VCO and VMCO
VCO was originally developed by Harry Chesley. It was followed by
VMCO (which is CIS specific), written by Bob Perez independant to
the development of VCO. The current (MacIntosh) version of VCO is
almost an exact duplicate of Harry Chesley's original - the original
source code was converted by Mike Cohen and made to accept multiple
service formats. [Note: Mike Cohen's VCO uses VMCO formated files.
Harry Chesley's VCO files differ. VCOLIB can accomodate either.
PC-VCO in VCO mode can talk to either, according to your choice.]
The MacIntosh VCO allows the user to see the people talking on-line
through graphic Icons. The Icons are provided to the VCO program
as 'Resource files' and are built using a 'Resource Editor'. Each
VCO user must have a resource file for every potential other speaker.
Charlie Brown and Snoopy Icons are used if no 'Faces' are available.
A range of expressions, from 'normal' to bored to surprised make
VCO conferences lively. Each participant controls the expression
displayed to all other participants.
The MacIntosh VCO allows the user to hear the people talking on-
line. This is done through built in digital to analog conversion,
and a text-to-speech processor. Each VCO user specifies the pitch
of their voice, and the rate with which they speak. Sound effects
are possible and used heavily, of course.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 2
Version 1.3: 861222
I. Introduction (continued)
C. This program
PC-VCO Version 1.3 executes as a CRT based comm program either in
text mode on a CGA display, or on a monochrome screen. It executes
VCO mode in CGA hi-res graphics mode, and displays faces extracted
from MacIntosh resource files. A face librarian (VCOLIB) has been
included to maintain a library of faces and to create face files
for other PC-VCO and for MacIntosh users.
Version 1.3 of PC-VCO interfaces to a public domain resident speech
driver. Pitch and speaking rate cannot be set. The voice quality
is what might be expected without digital-to-analog conversion.
However, the interface is proven, and future versions will interface
to other speech drivers, as and if they become available.
PC-VCO may be copied freely and distributed to anyone for any number
of machines. The author considers PC-VCO to be "shareware" or "free-
ware". If the program is found to be useful or entertaining, a con-
tribution is asked. PC-VCO will be extended and enhanced if response
warrants.
D. This document
This document describes the features of PC-VCO - both standard
communications features and the VCO side. A program of this kind,
i.e. one with two wildly different sides is hard to describe.
Bear with me, please, as I hop from side to side, sometimes landing
astride the middle (ouch!).
The CRT screen will be discussed first, followed by the VCO screen
(which really must be seen to be grasped). Then program commands
are summarized - divided, of course, into CRT, VCO and both side
sets. The chapters following discuss some program functions in
depth. Appendices provide details for very interested readers.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 3
Version 1.3: 861222
II. Running the program
PC-VCO is invoked at the DOS prompt with the command:
------------------------------------------------------
"d>" PC-VCO <options>
Where "d>" is the DOS prompt, and
<options> is (<parm> (<parm> ...))
where <parm> is either a switch or a parameter
Refer to Appendix A for a full description of switches
and parameters.
------------------------------------------------------
PC-VCO would be invoked with a command such as:
"d>" PC-VCO
or, for example the command:
"d>" PC-VCO DIAL 1
to dial directory entry #1 as soon as PC-VCO is loaded.
The command:
"d>" PC-VCO /F SCRIPT.CMD
would be used to perform the logon sequence contained in the
file SCRIPT.CMD.
PC-VCO requires no other file for its execution. It will create
a parametrization file, dialing directory, and macro definition
if none are present. The face library and speech driver exeception
files are not necessary to execution as a communications program.
They are necessary, however, to PC-VCO's execution as a VCO style
communications program.
Files used by PC-VCO and provided with the distribution are
discussed in Appendix E.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 4
Version 1.3: 861222
III. CRT Display
When PC-VCO is set to text (CRT) mode (the default mode), the PC
performs as a 24-line CRT. The first 24 lines are a scrolling region.
The 25th line is used for Program Identification, status and keyboard
display. Carriage returns received cause the text area to scroll.
What is typed in at the keyboard is transmitted out the COM port.
What is received through the COM port is displayed on the screen.
Received line feeds are thrown away. Non-printables are also thrown
away. Received characters may be masked to 7 bits (parity masking is
optional).
In order to connect to a network you must dial the phone number
of the Network node you wish to access. For example, with Smart-
modem, the following sequence might be typed:
AT E1 DT 245-9110 <return>
This sequence instructs the Smartmodem to echo entry (E1) and dial
using Tone dialing (DT) PLINK Chicago (245-9110) as a local call.
Modem initialization would be done between the E1 and DT as needed.
This sequence is automated in PC-VCO through a dialing directory
(Alt-D). Phone numbers and parameters are maintained in the
directory. Services are called through the same Alt-D command.
Initialization of the modem is performed automatically by PC-VCO
as well. The modem initialization string specified through the
Setup function (Alt-S) is issued to the modem when PC-VCO is
loaded - after the modem port is initialized to the default rate,
parity, data and stop bits specified through the .DFT file. Comm
Parms are changed and the .DFT file updated with the function Alt-P.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 5
Version 1.3: 861222
IV. VCO Display
When the screen is placed into graphic (VCO) mode, the screen is
divided into several areas. The top line carries the program version
and release number, the current 'expression mode' and the VCO Main menu.
The next eight lines (of text if we were in text mode) carries Icons
for 10 (potential) people (faces).
Initially the Icons are displayed as empty chairs. A large (double
wide ICON) box beneath the 10 empty chairs will be the speaker's box.
[This does not appear if the program was run with the /M switch.]
The Icon of the current Speaker will be displayed here. The
conversation scrolls in the region to the right of the Speaker's box
(the bottom line of the text area being reserved for program use).
Beneath this activity are Icons for 10 more people. Icons are used
in simple sequential order, as new people speak. Icons which are 'in
use' may be deleted - say, if the individual has left the area.
Under certain conditions, PC-VCO will delete an ICON itself.
In conversation, when a speaker is identified (through the ID or
handle - see following), one of several things may happen:
. If we've never seen the ID before, and we have an empty chair:
The first empty chair Icon is replaced by an Icon representing
the new speaker with a 'normal' expression. The Icon is also
displayed in the Speaker's box (reversed - we've never seen the
person before). Notice the difference between speaking and sitting
ICONS.
. If we've never seen the ID before, and we have no empty chair:
An Icon representing the Speaker with a 'Normal' expression is
displayed in the Speaker's box.
. If we've seen the ID before:
The Icon of the speaker is displayed in the speaker's box (not
reversed - we've seen 'em before) and the Icon above or below
is reversed.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 6
Version 1.3: 861222
IV. VCO Display (continued)
IDs and handles are identified in conversation using the following
templates (handles are assumed names which replace or add to an ID):
------------------------------------------------------------------
PLINK IDs and handles:
"(" <ID> ") " an initial "*" identifies handles
Example: (TARTAN) This is how a line would look on PLINK
------------------------------------------------------------------
GEnie IDs and handles:
"<" [Handle] <ID> "> "
Example: <[Scott] TARTAN> This is how a line would look on GEnie
------------------------------------------------------------------
CIS handles:
"(" <Band> , <ID> ") "
where <Band> ::= (A!B)(N!NN)","
Example: (A1,TARTAN) This is how a line would look on CIS
------------------------------------------------------------------
Delphi IDs and handles:
<ID> "> " an initial "." identifies handles
Example: TARTAN> This is how a line would look on Delphi
------------------------------------------------------------------
The ID or handle parse begins after a carriage return from the network.
The Icon display is updated as soon as an ID is identified. The text is
displayed in any case. If no ID is identified, no ICON is changed.
Blank lines (extra carriage returns issued by the network) are not
displayed by PC-VCO because of the limited text area (7 lines).
One anomaly occurs with the parser ... when a VCO command is alone
on a line, the ID is displayed with no text following it. VCO internal
commands (such as expression changes) exchanged amongst VCO attendees
are not displayed as text of a conversation. PC-VCO does not know if
a text line is empty or not until the entire line is received. PC-VCO
erases an empty text line (visible as an ID followed by no text) and
re-uses the line when end-of-line (carriage return) is received.
The PC-VCO parser is only designed to deal with text issued within the
conversational area of one of the above systems. The parser is self-
adjusting ... all of the above formats will be taken as conversation.
The VCO side is not altogether appropriate for other uses, such as
reading your mail. For other uses, swich to the alpha side (F1).
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 7
Version 1.3: 861222
V. Commands - available in both modes
PC-VCO provides the following command keys in both modes:
F1 Switch between text (CRT) and graphic (VCO) modes. The
switch always clears the table of Icons and IDs, so a switch
from VCO to CRT and back will always clear a clutter.
F10 Help screen. All currently implemented commands are
summarized on this screen. Any command may be executed
directly while this screen is displayed.
Alt-F10 DOS Gateway. If there is sufficient memory available, and if
the environment variable "COMSPEC" identifies a valid .COM or
.EXE file, PC-VCO will load the program and execute it. This
normally is used to load a second copy of COMMAND.COM for full
access to DOS while a communication session is in progress.
Ctl_End Send a Break. This sends a true 'break' signal.
Alt-A Turn split screen 'chat mode' on and off. The screen is split
in chat mode - one window for received text, and one for typed.
The size of the chat window is set through Alt-S setup.
Alt-B Redisplay (backscreen). The speed of the display may be
controlled using Cntl-PgDn (slower) or Cntl-PgUp (faster).
Alt-C Clear the screen.
Alt-D Dialing directory. The Dialing directory and file is
identical to that used by Procomm (version 2.x), to allow
files to be shared between the two programs.
Alt-E Toggle echo (full/half duplex). This function is also
invoked through the dialing directory (echo on).
Alt-F File directory. A mask is required - just as DOS DIR command.
Alt-G Toggle blank line suppression. PC-VCO will suppress blank
lines on the CRT side if you wish. This can be made a program
default through the Alt-O options menu.
Alt-H Hang-up. Hang-up the phone.
Alt-I Program information. Author information. Propaganda.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 8
Version 1.3: 861222
V. Commands - available in both modes (continued)
Alt-J Set screen colors. You may foreground and background color
values for the CRT screen, the status line, and menu windows.
Note that ANSI graphics require colors be turned off.
Alt-M Define a macro for Alt-0 through Alt-9. The Macro definition
and file will be identical to that used by Procomm (vers 2.x),
to allow Macros to be shared between the two programs.
Alt-P Comm Parameters. Set baud rate, parity, number of data and
stop bits. These settings are overridden by run-time switches.
Whatever the current setting, the dialing directory overrides.
Alt-R Redial the last number dialed. The program will redial the
number until the function is terminated (with ESC), or
connection is made.
Alt-S Setup. Define initial program values, such as Modem initial-
ization, the Modem Hang-up sequence, and file names.
Alt-T Elapsed time. The time the program was loaded, and the time
the last call (Alt-C or Alt-R) was placed are displayed. The
elapsed time since the latest time is also displayed.
Alt-V Toggle the voice driver. You may turn the voice driver off,
and back on (in implicit mode, see below) with this command.
Alt-X Exit the program. The program may or may not hang-up the
phone, depending on the modem. If piggyback was specified,
the line should not be disconnected.
Alt-Z Toggle parity mask. The high bit mask is used only for text
received and displayed - it has no effect on XMODEM transfers.
Alt-0/9 Send a Macro. A string of characters defined through the
Alt-M command described above is transmitted.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 9
Version 1.3: 861222
VI. Commands - CRT mode only
PC-VCO provides the following command keys only in CRT mode:
F2 Execute a script. A window is opened to request the name of
the script file. No default extension is assumed or added.
This function is not available on the VCO side.
F3 XMODEM upload. Files may be transferred to a system that can
accept CHECKSUM/CRC XMODEM, or WXMODEM. You are asked for a
a file name. Once the file's existence has been assured,
PC-VCO begins protocol negotiation with the host system. Up to
60 seconds are allowed for the receiver (the host system) to
begin the transfer.
PC-VCO changes the communications parameters to 8 data bits,
no parity, and 1 stop bit when XMODEM begins. It restores
the settings to their previous value after XMODEM completes.
This function is not available in VCO mode.
F4 XMODEM download. Files may be transferred from a system that
can send CHECKSUM/CRC XMODEM, or WXMODEM. You are asked for a
file name. Once the file has been created (it will be purged if
it already existed), PC-VCO begins protocol negotiation with the
host system. PC-VCO first tries to negotiate WXMODEM. If the
host does not acknowlege WXMODEM, CRC XMODEM is requested. If
the host does not acknowlege CRC, CHECKSUM is requested. Up to
100 seconds are allowed for this negotiation.
PC-VCO changes the communications parameters to 8 data bits,
no parity, and 1 stop bit when XMODEM begins. It restores
the settings after XMODEM completes.
This function is not available in VCO mode.
F5 ASCII upload. Files may be transferred to a system using a
simple 'send' (as if they were entered by hand). Transfer may
occur with or without a host prompt (some special character
issued for every line. Transfer timed (paced) in either case.
Line feeds may or may not be suppressed. Tab characters may
or may not be expanded as blanks.
This function is not available in VCO mode.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 10
Version 1.3: 861222
VI. Commands - CRT mode only (continued)
F6 ASCII download. This differs from transcripting in that no
extra characters are added to the file (line feeds after
received carriage returns, or end-of-file). Transcripting
is intended to result in an ASCII edit file - or a printed
log. ASCII download may be used to save sessions (or parts
of sessions) exactly as received.
This function is not available in VCO mode.
F7 Logging or transcripting. Log received text to a disk file
or device. You specify the file to be used. If not empty,
new logging will be appended to the end of the existing file.
You will next be asked if the backscreen (the last 4096
characters received) is to be saved. This way, logging need
not be started before an event occurs that you wish to record.
Note that what is logged is exctly what is displayed on the
screen. If hi-bit masking is turned on, characters will be
logged with their high bit turned off. Line feeds are added
after carriage returns. An ASCII end-of-file is added when
file is closed.
Opening and closing the log is marked with date and time.
The transcript marking may be turned off with the Alt-O
function. Log hold (below) does not mark the log.
This function is controlled through a pull-down in VCO mode.
F8 Toggle display of typed characters (for use with half duplex
circuits - otherwise known as 'no echo'). The keyboard
display will occur on the 25th line in CRT mode, and below
the scrolling window in VCO mode.
This function is controlled through a pull-down in VCO mode.
F9 Hold the log - no entry will be made to the log from this
point until hold is turned off (by pressing F9 again) or the
log is closed. The fact of the log being held is displayed
on the status line (or below the scolling window in VCO mode).
This function is controlled through a pull-down in VCO mode.
---------------------------------------------------------------
Note also functions defined above under "Commands - both modes".
---------------------------------------------------------------
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 11
Version 1.3: 861222
VII. Commands - VCO mode only
On the top line of the display in VCO mode there is a menu of key-
words. A keyword is selected, and a submenu pulled-down. Submenu
items are selected, and executed. The keywords are:
Controls Select certain control functions. Controls are:
. Turn Speaker's Box on (default mode)
. Turn Speaker's box off ('Maug' mode)
. Playback: Play a transcript
. Turn Transcript logging on and off.
. Turn keyboard display on and off.
. Suspend the log function (temporarily).
. Change expression set (PLINK/CIS or Delphi/GEnie)
Sounds Issue 'sound' commands to the conference (and to
yourself, unless you've disabled 'bounceback').
The current selections are clunky... they'll get
better as time goes on.
Speech Turn the speech driver on (two modes) and off. The
resident speech driver must be loaded prior to PC-VCO.
Faces Issue 'expression' commands to the conference. This
causes the Icon displayed for your ID to be changed
on your screen, and on any other screen receiving
your command.
Top-line menu items are selected with the Cursor right key. When the
cursor-right is depressed, the next menu item (in a circular manner)
is highlighted. The highlighted keyword is 'selected'.
A submenu is pulled-down with the Cursor-down key (or End, or PgDn).
A submenu item is selected from a pull-down when it is highlighted
by pressing the Cursor-down key repetively. When the Cursor-down
key is depressed, the next submenu item (again in a circular manner)
is highlighted. The highlighted keyword is 'selected'.
A selected submenu item is executed with a Carriage Return. That's
the key with the silly arrow. When a submenu item is executed, the
pull-down is released (it goes back up?). Hitting the Space-bar will
also execute the selected item.
A pull-down is released without executing any item with any of the
following keys: ESC, Home, PgUp.
Unimplemented submenues or keys beep at you.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 12
Version 1.3: 861222
IV. Commands - VCO mode only (continued)
As mentioned above in the introduction, there are three forms of VCO
in use on Macintosh computers. The three programs use two different
file formats for face files. PC-VCO can accomodate both file formats.
It can speak to all three MacIntosh programs over a network (only one
type at a time, of course).
VCO, as written by Harry Chesley is currently in use on Delphi and
GEnie. This is the original VCO program. The face file defined for
Harry Chesley's program is not the format PC-VCO was originally
written to accomodate. However, Version 1.3 of PC-VCO will accept
Chesley formatted face files, and switch expression sets at will.
VMCO was written independant of, but with knowlege of Harry Chesley's
VCO by Bob Perez. VMCO defined a slightly different face file format.
VMCO is currently in use on CIS. PC-VCO has always been compatible
with VMCO. However, it is not the program PC-VCO was written to match.
Harry Chesley's original VCO was modified by Mike Cohen to parse
PLINK ID's. The VMCO face file format was used for this version.
This is the version of VCO that PC-VCO was coded to match.
On the top line of the VCO screen, the expression set currently in use
is displayed (either 'PLINK/VCO' or 'Delphi/GEnie'). The mode may be
dynamically changed through the 'Controls' pull-down. The mode in
effect when the program is loaded defaults to PLINK/CIS... but the
default may be permanently changed through the Alt-O (Options) Menu
(see below), or through a run-time switch (see Appendix A).
Understand, please, that different expression sets are defined by the
face file. All users (Macintosh especially) must be using compatible
sets for expressions to be exchanged meaningfully. VMCO and Mike
Cohen's VCO use different expression commands from Harry Chesley's VCO.
PC-VCO can talk to one group or the other. But not both at the same
time. Users of Harry Chesley's VCO cannot talk to users of Mike Cohen's
VCO, or to users of VMCO (and exchange expressions).
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 13
Version 1.3: 861222
VII. Commands - VCO mode only (continued)
Other keys that are active on the VCO screen alone are:
DEL Select an Icon for removal. Press the DEL key, and an 'X'
covers the next Icon around the table. Move the 'X' to the
Icon to be deleted (e.g. the speaker has left). The Icon
is then deleted with the INS key.
INS Delete the selected Icon. The Icon is replaced with the
empty chair Icon, and the ID of the person represented
is removed from the program's tables. If no Icon is
selected, the program beeps.
PC-VCO implements an autodelete function that automatically removes
ICONs of people that have left the conversation. VCO users on PLINK
and CIS enter "-OFF-" alone on a line to signal that they are leaving.
GEnie users rely on the system reporting that "<ID> has left." or
that "<ID> disconnected.". PC-VCO recognizes these strings, and
automatically deletes the approriate ICON.
Special keys (i.e. non-ASCII) will be implemented as control keys
as requirements and experience dictate. Unimplemented keys beep.
---------------------------------------------------------------
Note also functions defined above under "Commands - both modes".
---------------------------------------------------------------
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 14
Version 1.3: 861222
VIII. Dialing (Alt-D, Alt-R, and Alt-H)
A. Dialing directory (Alt-D)
. Dial from directory
The dialing directory is invoked with the Alt-D command, avail-
able in either CRT or VCO mode. After the directory window is
opened, an entry may be dialed simply by entering the appropr-
iate number. The directory entry does not have to be on screen.
The number you enter may be preceeded or suffixed with a long
distance entry code (+,-,#,@). The long distance entry string
will precede the dialed number. Timing commands (e.g. Smart-
modem use of "," to pause for a fixed time) may be included.
The modem dialing string specified through the Alt-S window is
issued, the long distance number is issued, then the directory
entry telephone number is issued, and finally the dialing
suffix string specified through the Alt-S screen.
Communications parameters must be selected when you create the
dialing directory entry. Each service requires certain settings
for comprehensible communications. However, one note: PC-VCO
will change settings to 8 data bits, no parity and 1 stop bit
when XMODEM file transfer is begun. When XMODEM completes, the
previous settings are reinstated. You only need to know what
the specific service requires for conversational mode.
. Manual dialing (M)
From the Alt-D dialing directory, you may invoke manual dialing
with the command "M". You will be asked to enter a number to be
dialed. Enter the number you wish to dial - it will be prefixed
with the modem dialing string (specified through the Alt-S window)
suffixed with the dialing suffix, and issued.
Manually dialed numbers use the communications parameters in
effect at the time the number is dialed. The rule for comm
parameters is: The Comm Parms window (Alt-P) is overridden by
run-time parameters; the setting specified by the (last) dialing
directory entry used (if any) override both.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 15
Version 1.3: 861222
VIII. Dialing (continued)
B. Dialing directory maintenance (Alt-D)
. Revise entry (R)
A directory entry may be revised with the "R" command on the Alt-D
window. You will be prompted for values. Enter each value as you
want it to be - you can cancel the sequence at any prompt with the
ESC key. When you've completed all the prompts you will be asked
whether the change is to be saved to disk - if you say no (N),
the change will not be available the next time you call up PC-VCO.
. Delete entry (D)
A directory entry may be deleted with the "D" command on the Alt-D
window. You will be prompted for for the entry number (you may use
the command "Dn" too, where "n" is the entry number). The chosen
entry is displayed - if you answer "y" to the query, the entry will
be deleted in memory and on disk.
. Revise Long distance directory (L)
The Long distance directory is a directory within a directory.
Four entries may be created (labelled: "+", "-", "#", and "@") and
then used to prefix a dialing command (or to suffix, if you will).
The Long distance entry is free form - any string that your modem
will accept may be entered. The Long distance directory is pulled-
up from the Alt-D window with the command "L". An entry may be
modified by choosing a label ("+","-","#", or "@").
. Print directory (P)
The dialing directory (current in memory) may be printed from
the Alt-D window with the command "P". Printer output is directed
to the standard output device (PRN). You are prompted to ready
the printer - strike any key except ESC to begin printing. ESC
will cancel the request.
The printed directory is two pages of 50 lines (plus heading).
Top-of-forms (decimal 12) are issued at the start of each page.
Column headings are similar to the headings of the Alt-D window.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 16
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VIII. Dialing (continued)
C. Re-dial (Alt-R)
The last dialing directory entry used to dial (or manual number
as entered) may be recalled and re-dialed. The re-dial sequence
cycles. It waits for the "Connect string" (as specified through
the Alt-S window) for a fixed period, then resets the modem using
the "Escape string" and tries again. Time spent re-dialing is
updated every time a re-dial is attempted.
You may force a new attempt with the space-bar. You may change the
delay interval by pressing the END key - you will be prompted for
a new value in seconds.
D. Hang-up (Alt-H)
The connection (if any) may be interrupted and the "Hang-up string"
(specified through the Alt-S window) issued with the Alt-H command.
The "Modem escape" string is issued first - which takes several
seconds. When the "Hang-up string" has been sent, acknowlegement
is issued to the screen.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 17
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IX. Macros (Alt-M and Alt-0/9)
A. Revise entry (R)
PC-VCO is distributed with an empty Macro directory. Entries may
be displayed and modified through the Alt-M command. A macro entry
is any string of text which you may wish to issue on-line. Carriage
returns may be embedded in the string (as exclamation points "!" ...
Exclamation points themselves must be entered as two: "!!"). Control
characters may be embedded in the string (represented as caret/letter
"^x" ... ^a = 1, ^b = 2, and so on... carets themselves must
themselves be represented as two: "^^").
Select the entry number to be revised by entering its number (0...9).
You will be prompted for the new entry. Enter a single blank if you
wish to delete the entry.
B. Execute entry (Alt-0 through Alt-9)
Macros are issued with the commands Alt-0 through Alt-9. The entry
indicated by the number will be immediately issued. What happens
after that is strictly up to what you've entered, the service you're
on, and the people around you.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 18
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X. Program Configuration (Alt-S, Alt-P, Alt-O, and Alt-J)
A. Setup Screen (Alt-S)
1. Modem control
. Modem initialization string
The modem initialization string is issued (output to the comm
port) when PC-VCO is first loaded, and every time you change
COM port (through the Alt-P window). If blanked, it will be
ignored. Note that carriage returns and control characters
are specified as with macros.
. Modem dialing prefix
The Modem dialing prefix commands the modem to enter a dialing
sequence, using the directory number (and long distance string,
if used). It may be any string appropriate to your modem.
. Modem dialing suffix
The Modem dialing string terminates each dialing command. For
Hayes type modems it should be a "!" (translated by PC-VCO to
be a <cr>). It be any string appropriate to your modem. Note
that carriage returns and control characters are specified as
with macros.
. Hangup string
The hang-up string is issued through the Alt-H command (after
a modem escape is issued). Note that carriage returns and
control characters are specified as with macros. Delays of
1/2 second each may be specified with the tilde (~).
. Escape string
The modem escape is issued before the hang-up string (Alt-H),
and before each re-dial (Alt-R). Delays of 1/2 second each
are specified with a tilde (~). Timing for this function is
dependant on the millisecond loop value (below). Note that
carriage returns and control characters are specified as with
macros.
. Connect string
The connect string is used by the Alt-R re-dial command to
determine when connection has been made.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 19
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X. Program Configuration (continued)
A. Setup Screen (continued)
2. Files
. Default log file
The default Log file name will be used if a blank is entered
in response to the transcript file name query (F7 in CRT mode,
and Controls pull-down in VCO mode). Once a file name is used
in response to this query it will be carried along (while the
program is running). The default Log file name is invoked
again by entering the name, or a blank.
. Dialing directory
The dialing directory file is used to initialize the program's
dialing directory. The directory is compatible with PROCOMM
(version 2.x). You can cross the two by entering the PROCOMM
dialing directory file name here (with subdirectory as
required).
When you change this entry, the current dialing directory is
closed, and the new file opened/created.
. Macro Directory
The macro directory file is used to initialize the program's
macro definitions. The file is compatible with PROCOMM
(version 2.x). You can cross the two by entering the PROCOMM
directory file name here (with subdirectory as required).
When you change this entry, the current dialing directory is
closed, and the new file opened/created.
. Exception file
The exception file name is used when voice is turned on. If it
does not exist, none will be created. You can create one by
following the rules in Appendix D of this document. Something
towards an exeception file is provided in the release ARC.
. Face library
The face library is built and maintained through the VCOLIB
face librarian program. MacIntosh resource files are added
to this file to add faces to the VCO side of this program.
This file defines the set of faces 'known' to the VCO side.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 20
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X. Program Configuration (continued)
A. Setup Screen (continued)
3. Timings and Values
. Millisecond loop
The millisecond loop value gives the number of LOOP instruc-
tions required to wait for one millisecond. This type of timing
function is used in PC-VCO in several places: 1) to issue the
modem escape, 2) to control the break duration, and 3) to pace
displays such as Alt-B backscreen. 260 is suggested for 4.77
Mhz clocks. 432 is recommended for 8Mhz clocks. PC-VCO will
attempt to calculate the correct value if you set it smaller
than 10.
. Break delay
As noted above, the break delay is controlled through the Milli-
second loop value. This value "break delay" specifies the num-
ber of "milliseconds" the comm line is held when a break is
issued (Cntl-END).
. Display delay
The display delay value gives the number of seconds the dialing
window is held on the screen (Alt-D command), and the maximum
number of seconds the "Alarm" will be sounded.
. Modem char delay
The modem char delay gives the number of milliseconds PC-VCO
delays after each character of a modem control sequence (e.g.
dialing, hangup, initialization). Certain modems require
their control sequences be enunciated slowly.
. Redial delay
The interval between Alt-R (and script %C) redial attempts is
established here. 45 seconds is recommended if long distance
dialing is involved. 30 seconds is adequate for local calls.
. Chat Window
The size of the lower window of chat mode (where what you type
appears) can be changed. Regardless of the value you declare,
the chat window cannot be smaller than 2 or larger than 10.
4. Save
You may change values for one execution of PC-VCO, or you may
change them for all subsequent executions of PC-VCO. If you
save values, the values you've saved will be used the next time
you run PC-VCO.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 21
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X. Program Configuration (continued)
B. Communications Parameters (Alt-P)
1. Rate + Parity + Data bits + Stop Bits
Baud rate, parity, number of data bits and number of stop bits
are specified in combination through the first 10 selections on
the Alt-P window. These selections are the only way you may
specify baud rate (and, of course, the Alt-D dialing directory).
Other parameters (parity, data bits, and stop bits) may be set
individually (below).
Do not change the current setting after you've connected to a
service. XMODEM can and does change to no parity (if necessary),
but you shouldn't.
2. Parity, Data bits and Stop bits
Individual settings for parity, number of data bits and number of
stop bits comprise the next 7 items of this menu. You also set
these values when you create a dialing directory entry.
Again - do not change the current setting after you've connected
to a service. The settings on this screen are effective mostly
when the program is initialized. The dialing directory (if used)
overrides the current setting.
3. COM ports
The last two items on this menu are the two candidates for COM
ports. Select the appropriate port for your modem. This item
is usually selected once, and then left alone.
4. Save
You save the current settings for the next execution of PC-VCO
through the "Save" selection. Settings are saved to disk.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 22
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X. Program Configuration (continued)
C. Options (Alt-O)
1. Settings otherwise available
. Echo
PC-VCO will accept keyboard entry and issue it through the
COM port. Some services turn around what you enter so that you
see it (full duplex or echoplex) and some don't (half duplex).
You may force PC-VCO to display what you enter in the CRT window
by toggling echo. Setting echo on (through the Alt-O window)
will turn echo on now. Saving it will cause echo to be turned
on the next time you run PC-VCO.
Echo is toggled dynamically with the Alt-E command.
. Parity mask
You can mask parity from every received character by setting
the parity mask on permanantly through the Alt-O window. I've
found this to be useful - mandatory when I've needed it.
Parity masking is toggled dynamically with the Alt-Z command.
. Keyboard display
Some talk systems are more friendly when what you type is not
mixed in with what you receive. Turning system echo off (if
the system echoes key-entry) can be accomplished in a number
of ways (note that this is different from program echo above).
However - all of a sudden you have a new problem - you don't
see what you're typing! Keyboard display in PC-VCO is one
attempt to solve this problem. What you type will be displayed
on the status line when keyboard display is turned on. You can
turn it on permanently through this selection.
Keyboard display may be toggled dynamically with the F8 in CRT
mode, and through the Controls pull-down in VCO mode.
. Chat mode
Chat mode may be set as a default when PC-VCO is loaded. Chat
mode is another attempt to allow you to see what you've typed
when echo has been turned off.
Chat mode may be toggled with Alt-A in CRT or VCO mode. Chat
mode is not used in VCO mode.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 23
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X. Program Configuration (continued)
C. Options (Alt-O)
1. Settings otherwise available (continued)
. Blank line suppression
Blank lines may be suppressed on the CRT side (they are auto-
matically suppressed on the VCO side). You can set blank line
suppression on when PC-VCO is loaded through this option.
Blank line suppression can be dynamicaly toggled with Alt-G.
. Default VCO-II: Delphi/GEnie
When PC-VCO was distributed, the default expression set was
set for PLINK/CIS. Harry Chesley's VCO uses a different set.
You set the default used at program load time here.
This mode is dynamically changed through the Controls pull-down.
2. Settings available only through Alt-O
. Alarm noise
An alarm (of sorts) will play when the Alt-R re-dial makes
connection, and when XMODEM file transfer is complete. The
noise is also played when certain error conditions occur.
You can turn it off now and for subsequent executions through
this selection. You can turn it back on later.
. Exit query
Some people disdain the query "do you really and truly mean it"
when they type Alt-X. Some feel it mandatory. PC-VCO is
distributed with exit query disabled. You may enable it, if
you're so inclined, through this Alt-O selection.
. Mark transcript
PC-VCO can mark every disk transcript taken (beginning and
end) with the date and time. You tell PC-VCO not to mark
further transcripts through this Alt-O selection.
The transcript function also has the capability to add the
backscreen (up to the last 4096 characters received) to the
transcript. Turning transcript marking off means that there
will be no delimiter between the backscreen and the transcript.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 24
Version 1.3: 861222
X. Program Configuration (continued)
C. Options (Alt-O)
2. Settings available only through Alt-O (continued)
. Initial advertisement
When PC-VCO was distributed, the Information screen (Alt-I)
was set to be displayed when the program was run. You turn
it off through this Alt-O setting.
. WXMODEM send and receive
PC-VCO was distributed with Windowed XMODEM enabled as a proto-
col. WXMODEM is entirely automatic in its implementation and
does not interfere with use on systems that don't support it.
However - you can turn it off on the send (upload) and receive
(download) side with this setting, should you not want it.
3. Save
Values set through this screen are not automatically saved to
disk. Values set through this screen are immediately used by
PC-VCO. However, to configure PC-VCO to have the same settings
the next time it is loaded, you must Save them with the "Save"
selection of the Alt-O menu.
One curious note. Most of the Alt-O choices display the current
setting - as opposed to displaying exactly what will be used the
next time PC-VCO is loaded. When you save your Alt-O settings
be sure that ALL the settings are the way you want them.
D. Colors (Alt-J)
You may set foreground and background colors for (1) the CRT text
area, (2) the status line, and (3) most menus (queries are set to
black and white for contrast). The color names are those used in
the IBM Technical reference - if you have different name for some
of the color values, I'm sorry.
Like other option menus, you can experiment with settings. Unless
you save your settings, they are lost when the program terminates.
One curiousity. To use ANSI graphics, you must turn off colors.
For this reason, the /B switch, and %E7 script commands have been
implemented (refer to Appendix A and the next section).
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 25
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XI. File Transfer (F3, F4, F5, F6, Alt-F)
A. Xmodem Upload (F3)
Files may be transferred to a system that accepts CHECKSUM, CRC or
Windowed XMODEM using PC-VCO. When you request XMODEM upload, you
are asked for a file. Once the file's existence has been assured,
PC-VCO will begin protocol negotiation with the host system. One of
the three possible protocols will be negotiated - according to the
host's capabilities. Up to 60 seconds are allowed for the negoti-
ation. If that time is exceeded, the transfer fails. You may
restart it, of course.
PC-VCO is intended primarily for users of X.25 networks and services
available through the networks. For this reason, PC-VCO implements
what is referred to as "relaxed XMODEM". The X.25 networks intro-
duce timing delays into file transfers that the original XMODEM
standard did not contemplate. However - the relaxed XMODEM works
quite well with BBS's that expect strict XMODEM.
Because PC-VCO is intended for a network environment, it implements
a new XMODEM variant - Windowed XMODEM or WXMODEM. WXMODEM was
designed to accomodate network delays and maximize performance. It
has proven stable in PC-VCO and gives approximately 35% faster trans-
fer rates. For details about WXMODEM refer to Appendix F.
PC-VCO changes the communications parameters to 8 data bits, no
parity, and 1 stop bit when XMODEM begins. It restores settings
to their original state after XMODEM completes.
The XMODEM upload window displays:
. the file name of the file being transferred,
. its size,
. the method (CRC or CHECKSUM),
. the number of blocks being transferred,
. the time so far,
. the number of blocks sent,
. if WXMODEM, the current 'window' size
. the number of errors encountered,
. and a description of the last error encountered.
This function is not available in VCO mode.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 26
Version 1.3: 861222
XI. File Transfer (continued)
B. Xmodem Download (F4)
Files may be transferred from a system that implements Windowed,
CHECKSUM or CRC XMODEM using PC-VCO. When you request XMODEM down-
load, you are asked for a file name. Once the file has been created
(it will be purged if it already exists), PC-VCO will begin protocol
negotiation with the host system. One of the three will be nego-
tiated - PC-VCO preferring Windowed - according to the host's cap-
abilities. PC-VCO first tries to negotiate WXMODEM. If the host
does not acknowlege WXMODEM, CRC XMODEM is requested. If the host
does not aknowlege CRC XMODEM, then finally, CHECKSUM is requested.
Up to 100 seconds are allowed for the negotiation. If that time is
exceeded, the transfer fails. You may restart it, of course.
PC-VCO is intended primarily for users of X.25 networks and services
available through the networks. For this reason, PC-VCO implements
what is referred to as "relaxed XMODEM". The X.25 networks intro-
duce timing delays into file transfers that the original XMODEM
standard did not contemplate. However - the relaxed XMODEM works
quite well with BBS's that expect strict XMODEM.
Because PC-VCO is intended for a network environment, it implements
a new XMODEM variant - Windowed XMODEM or WXMODEM. WXMODEM was
designed to accomodate network delays and maximize performance. It
has proven stable in PC-VCO and gives approximately 35% faster trans-
fer rates. For details about WXMODEM refer to Appendix F.
PC-VCO changes the communications parameters to 8 data bits, no
parity, and 1 stop bit when XMODEM begins. It restores settings
to their original state after XMODEM completes.
The XMODEM download window displays:
. the file name of the file being transferred,
. the method (CRC or CHECKSUM),
. the time so far,
. the file size so far,
. the number of blocks received,
. the number of errors encountered,
. and a description of the last error encountered.
This function is not available in VCO mode.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 27
Version 1.3: 861222
XI. File Transfer (continued)
C. ASCII Upload (F5)
Files may be transferred to a system using a simple 'send' (as if
entered by hand). When ASCII upload is requested, you are prompted
for a file name. Once the existance of the file has been assured,
you are prompted with a small menu with various options.
Transfer may occur in two ways: 1) with a prompt from the host (some
special character) or 2) without a host prompt for every line.
The first item on the ASCII send options menu specifies if the host
will prompt. If this is set to 'On', you will be asked for the
prompt character (either an ASCII or a control character).
Line feeds may or may not be suppressed during the transmission.
The next item specifies whether to do so. ASCII text files contain
line feeds that you (usually) do not want to transmit. Similarly,
tab characters may or may not be expanded during the transmission.
The last item specifies whether to do so. ASCII text files contain
tabs that you (usually) want to expand before transmission.
Transfer is, in all cases, paced (timed). Transmission begins at
maximum speed. You may alter the pacing with the Cntl-PgUp and
Cntl-PgDn keys during the transmission. Cntl-Home will increase
the speed to its maximum. Cntl-End decreases the transmission
speed to its minimum. ESC or F1-F10 will terminate the send.
The ASCII send function in PC-VCO responds to XON/XOFF sequences
transmitted by the host. When an XOFF is received, PC-VCO waits
up to 15 seconds for a subsequent XON to be received. Transmission
is suspended while PC-VCO waits. Transmission resumes after 15
seconds, or after PC-VCO receives an XON.
This function is not available in VCO mode.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: When you specify host prompting, the first line is sent and
then PC-VCO waits for a host prompt. Should you loose the prompt
from the host (inadvertantly, of course), the left arrow key (or
function key not defined for use here) will cause the next line to
be sent.
-------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: The percent transmitted will be incorrect when the file
being transmitted is small - less than 1000 bytes. Don't be
surprised. I was.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 28
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XI. File Transfer (continued)
D. ASCII Download (F6)
This differs from transcripting in that no extra characters are
added to the file (e.g. line feeds after received carriage returns,
or end-of-file). Transcripting is intended to result in an ASCII
edit file (or a printed log with a control-z terminator (!!)).
Anything you type while the download function is being performed
will be sent to the host system. ESC or F1-F10 terminates the
receive function and closes the capture file.
This function is not available in VCO mode.
E. File directory
You may request a directory of files on any legitimate disk
with the Alt-F command. A search mask is requested - enter one
just as you would with the DIR command of DOS. For example:
D:*.TXT
specifies all files with the extension "TXT" from the "D" drive.
File names and modification dates are displayed, 20 at a time.
When the list is exhausted, the amount of free space remaining on
the specified drive is displayed.
Should you wish a directory search of a subdirectory, you must
enter a full file mask. The mask:
C:\TEMP
specifies a search on the root directory for a file named TEMP
with no extension. If you wish to search the TEMP subdirectory
of the root directory, enter:
C:\TEMP\*.*
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 29
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XII. Miscellaneous Functions
A. Disk logging [transcripting] (F7/Controls pull-down)
You may transcript what you receive to a disk (or PRN) with the
"Disk logging" function. The transcript will be marked with the
date and time it began and ended if transcript marking is set on
through the Alt-O screen.
PC-VCO keeps the last 4096 characters received in a buffer for
backscreen (or re-display). When you turn transcripting on, you
will be asked if the backscreen is to be recorded first. If you
respond "Y", the backscreen will be written to the transcript file
before the "BEGIN" mark.
B. Keyboard display (F8/Controls pull-down)
Some talk systems are more friendly when what you type is not
mixed in with what you receive. Turning echo off (if the
system echoes key-entry) can be accomplished in a number of
ways (note that this is different from program echo above).
However - all of a sudden you have a new problem - you don't
see what you're typing! Keyboard display in PC-VCO is one
attempt to solve this problem. What you type will be displayed
on the status line when keyboard display is turned on. You can
turn it on permanently through this selection.
Keyboard display may be set on permanently through the Alt-O
options window.
C. Chat mode (Alt-A)
Chat mode is another attempt to make typing more friendly when
what you type isn't echoed by the host. A 'chat window' of 2-10
lines may be opened just above the status line. The last few lines
you've typed are displayed there.
Chat mode may be set on permanently through the Alt-O options window.
D. Redisplay [backscreen] (Alt-B)
PC-VCO keeps up to the last 4096 characters received for re-
display. When you request redisplay, the screen is cleared and
the backscreen buffer begins scrolling. The scroll starts at the
oldest receipt, and continues to the point where the re-display
was requested.
Re-display is paced (timed). Re-display begins at minimum speed.
Alter the pacing with the Cntl-PgUp and Cntl-PgDn keys. Pause
the re-display with the space bar. Cancel the re-display with
the ESC key.
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XII. Miscellaneous Functions (continued)
E. Clear Screen (Alt-C and received TOF)
The command Alt-C entered at the keyboard will clear the screen.
Similarly, when the host sends a control-L (^L or decimal 12)
the screen is cleared.
F. Echo (Alt-E)
PC-VCO will accept keyboard entry and issue it through the
COM port. Some services turn around what you enter so that you
see it (full duplex or echoplex) and some don't (half duplex).
You may force PC-VCO to display what you enter in the CRT window
by toggling echo. Setting echo on through the Alt-O window will
turn echo on now, and the next time you run PC-VCO.
Echo is set through the dialing directory and permanently with the
Alt-O options window. The dialing directory controls, of course.
G. Blank line suppression (Alt-G)
Blank lines may be suppressed from the display if you wish. This
is especially useful where double spacing is done in the conference
area. Blank lines suppression only affects the CRT side display.
The VCO side automatically suppresses blank lines.
Blank line suppression may be set permanently with the Alt-O options
window.
H. Elapsed time (Alt-T)
The time elapsed since the program was started, and since the last
Alt-D dialing command or Alt-R is displayed through the Alt-T
window.
I. Voice toggle (Alt-V)
Voice in PC-VCO now has two 'ON' modes: explicit and implicit.
Implicit speech is voicing everything (that the poor speech driver
can handle). Explicit speech must be signalled with a '~{', '~[',
'{', or '['. The word following the signal must occur in the
exception file.
To turn voice on, you must have loaded the speech driver before
loading PC-VCO. Voice may be toggled off/on-implicit with Alt-V.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 31
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XII. Miscellaneous Functions (continued)
J. Program termination (Alt-X)
PC-VCO is exited (and returns to DOS) through the Alt-X command.
The usual query "are you sure" is issued if "Exit query" is turned
on through the Alt-O window.
When you exit PC-VCO the COM line is dropped, unless you ran PC-VCO
with the /P switch (piggyback). If piggyback was set, the COM line
is not dropped.
K. Parity (hi-bit) mask (Alt-Z)
You can mask parity from every received character by setting
the parity mask on permanantly through the Alt-O window. I've
found this to be useful - mandatory when I've needed it.
Some services require you to logon with 8 data bits, no parity, if
you intend to download (or upload files). When there is an X.25
network between your PC and the service, certain characters (such
as backspace are transmitted with parity on - regardless of your
setting). In these cases, parity masking is very nice to have.
Toggle the current parity mask setting with Alt-Z.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 32
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XIII. DOS Gateway (Alt-F10)
PC-VCO provides a gateway to a DOS shell through the Alt-F10 key.
The DOS gateway requires a few preliminaries, however.
. There must be sufficient memory for the current DOS shell
(COMMAND.COM usually), PC-VCO, and a second DOS shell. If there
isn't, the Alt-F10 will be rejected for 'insufficient memory'.
. There must be an environment variable 'COMSPEC' that points to
the DOS shell to be loaded by Alt-F10. If this variable is
missing (has been deleted), COMMAND.COM on the default drive,
root directory will be used (if present).
When the DOS gateway is entered, you will be able to execute any
DOS function that the specified shell supports. Memory availble to
that shell will be decreased by the presence of PC-VCO still running.
You can return to PC-VCO by exiting the DOS shell. If the shell is
COMMAND.COM, type the command 'EXIT'.
------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: In order to make full use of the DOS gateway, you should
provide yourself with the capacity for more open files than the
default. You can increase the number of files that may be open at
one time by editing the file CONFIG.SYS on the root directory of
your boot disk, adding a line: "FILES=n", where n is a number from
1 to 20. At least 12 is recommended. Refer to your DOS manual for
particulars.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 33
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XIV. Script Language
A script facility has been added to PC-VCO. It is accessible at load
time (/F switch), or within the program (F2). The script language
parallels that of PROCOMM. The only command whose meaning(s) have
changed is %F. The %F parallels the PC-VCO Alt-P menu, as PROCOMM's %F
parallels its Alt-P menu. Under most usages this make no difference.
Script commands are provided to PC-VCO through an ASCII file (word
processor files are not usually ASCII files!). A script command is
signalled by a '%' sign. The % must be followed by one, two or three
alpha-numeric characters (no blanks) and possibly a quoted string (e.g.
"GENIE.CMD"). Text on a line not a part of a valid command is ignored.
Any line not containing a command is ignored. Multiple commands may
be placed on a single line. SYNTAX errors are reported, however.
On 'end-of-file', PC-VCO returns to the normal interactive mode (unless
%Q was specified in the script).
Currently, the command set is:
%A Alarum
The %A command causes the PC-VCO alarm to sound, unless sound
has been turned off (through Alt-O, or the %SN command below).
The alarm sounds for the time specifed by 'display delay' in
the Alt-S menu (or overridden by %ST "nn" below). Press any
key to terminate the alarm before the timeout.
%B"str" Default Drive/path - unimplemented
PC-VCO does not use its own 'default drive/path' concept. File
names may be given with complete path specification. If not,
the current DOS default drive/subdirectory controls. For this
reason, %B has not been implemented.
%C"nn" Call directory number
The %C command dials the number given in dialing directory
number "nn". The 'call' function waits for the 'CONNECT'
string defined through the Alt-S Setup menu. %C will redial
the number (as does Alt-R) using the redial delay specified
through Alt-S (or %R below).
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 34
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XIV. Script Language (continued)
%D"str" DOS command
The %D command will execute the quoted string as a DOS command.
PC-VCO loads a COMMAND.COM (similar to the DOS gateway used
through Alt-F10) and executes "str" using COMMAND.COM as a
transient processor. To use the %D command, you must have
sufficient memory and file handles (FILES=) to execute Alt-F10.
%En Emulations - unimplemented except for ANSI BBS
PROCOMM offers emulation of a number of popular terminals.
PC-VCO does not. PC-VCO accepts PROCOMM %En commands and
with the exception of %E7, reports them unimplemented. %E7
turns of screen colors (if on) to allow ANSI graphics.
%En commands are:
* %E0 Unimplemented
* %E1 Unimplemented
* %E2 Unimplemented
* %E3 Unimplemented
* %E4 Unimplemented
* %E5 Unimplemented
* %E6 Unimplemented
%E7 ANSI-BBS (color turned off)
* %E8 Unimplemented
* %E9 Unimplemented
%Fn Comm Parms (equivalent to selection 'n' from Alt-P)
PC-VCO allows the setting of communications parameters inter-
actively though the Alt-P command. In usual practice, this is
rarely used as the communications parameters specified through
the dialing directory override the current setting. Certain
applications however - especially where scripting is handy -
need this feature. Therefore, %Fn. The 'n' parallels the
menu item number of the Alt-P menu.
%F 'n' values are:
%F1 300,E,7,1 %F11 Even parity
%F2 1200,E,7,1 %F12 Odd parity
%F3 2400,E,7,1 %F13 No parity
%F4 4800,E,7,1 %F14 7 data bits
%F5 9600,E,7,1 %F15 8 data bits
%F6 300,N,8,1 %F16 1 stop bit
%F7 1200,N,8,1 %F17 2 stop bit
%F8 2400,N,8,1 %F18 COM1
%F9 4800,N,8,1 %F19 COM2
%F10 9600,N,8,1
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 35
Version 1.3: 861222
XIV. Script Language (continued)
%G Screen dump - unimplemented
The PROCOMM %G command performs a screen dump to the file
PROCOMM.IMG. It has not been implemented in this version of
PC-VCO. If the absence of this function makes difficult proper
script file execution, please contact the author.
%H Hang up
The %H command is equivalent to hanging up the phone or using
the (interactive) Alt-H keystroke. One note: If you are using
a bulletin board (as opposed to a timesharing system such as
CIS or PLINK), the BBS sysop requests that you exit the BBS
before you hangup the phone. It's a courtesy...
%I"str" Wait for incoming string
The %I command waits for text to be received. For example,
%I "USER ID:" waits for the string "USER ID:" to be received
(without the quotes, of course). The case of the string is
signifigant. The command as above would not catch the string
"User ID:". All text that is received during a %I wait is
displayed on the screen.
The %I command will not wait for text indefinitely. It times
out after a certain number of seconds (and the script merrily
proceeds anyway). Initially the timeout is 60 seconds. You
can set a different timeout with the %P command below.
%Jn Send macro string 'n', n=0-9
The %J command is equivalent to the 'Send Macro' interactive
command (Alt-0 through Alt-9). Macros are defined through
the (interactive) Alt-M command. A macro can be a combina-
tion of text and control characters. You must prepare the
macro definition (Alt-M) prior to using it in a script.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 36
Version 1.3: 861222
XIV. Script Language (continued)
%Ks KERMIT server commands - unimplemented
PROCOMM supports the KERMIT protocol. PC-VCO does not.
PC-VCO accepts PROCOMM %Ks commands and simply reports them
unimplemented.
%Ks commands are:
* %KMn Unimplemented
* %KR Unimplemented
* %KS"File_Name" Unimplemented
* %KF Unimplemented
* %KL Unimplemented
%Ls Log commands
The %L series of commands may be used to open and close a disc
or printer log (or logs) during script execution. Once opened,
a log may be suspended and resumed at will.
%Ls commands are:
%LO "File_Name" Open log using "File_Name" (no default)
%LH Hold logging
%LR Resume logging
%LC Close log
%M"str" Display a message on the screen
The %M command displays the string (without the quotes, of
course) to the screen - and writes it to the log if logging is
turned on. The string is not transmitted out the COM port.
Macro conventions apply to the %M string - "!" may be used as
a carriage return, "^" may be used to make a control character.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 37
Version 1.3: 861222
XIV. Script Language (continued)
%N"str" Prompt for input and send
The %N command opens a menu window and prompts for input from
the keyboard. Whatever is entered is transmitted out the COM
port (with a carriage return added). The string specified is
displayed in the prompt window.
The prompt string is limited to 64 characters. Macro conven-
tions do NOT apply to this string. It is displayed as written.
Up to 60 characters will be accepted and transmitted.
%Os BIOS/Direct screen writes
PROCOMM offers a choice between direct or BIOS screen updates.
PC-VCO does not (it uses BIOS for color mode, DOS for B&W).
PC-VCO accepts PROCOMM %Os commands and simply reports them
unimplemented.
%Os commands are:
* %OB Write to screen through BIOS - unimplemented
* %OD Write to screen direct - unimplemented
%P"nn" Seconds to wait for an incoming string
The %P command specifies the number of seconds the %I command
will wait for incoming text before timing out. You may set
this value up to 3600 seconds (1 hour).
The %P value is expressed in seconds.
%Q Quit program
The %Q command terminates a script execution and exits PC-VCO.
Anything in the script file after %Q will not be executed.
PC-VCO immediately returns to DOS (after closing files and
the COM port, and resetting the screen).
%R"nn" Redial delay value
The redial delay (time between dialing attempts) used by the
%C command above (and Alt-R, after the script terminates) may
be set with the %R command. Initially, the value specified
through the Alt-S Setup menu controls. The %R command changes
the value - note that it remains in effect after the script
terminates. The value will be reset the next time PC-VCO is
loaded (unless Alt-S is used to save the new value).
The %R value is expressed in seconds.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 38
Version 1.3: 861222
XIV. Script Language (continued)
%Ss Sound controls.
Alarm sounds and the duration of the alarm may be set through
the %Ss command. This is equivalent to the interactive Alt-O
options settings and the Alt-S Setup 'display delay' value.
%Ss commands are:
%SY Allow alarm sounds
%SN No alarm sounds (though alarm will delay)
%ST"nn" Set delay for alarm (value in seconds)
%T"str" Transmit string
The %T command transmits the string (without the quotes, of
course) out the COM port - and echoes it to the screen if ECHO
is turned on. Macro conventions apply to the %T string...
"!" may be used as a carriage return, "^" may be used to make
a control character. The length of the string is limited to
250 or so characters.
%Us Miscellaneous - implemented as applicable
Various control functions are provided through the %U command.
PROCOMM defines %U0 through %U9... however, not all the func-
tions provided are applicable to PC-VCO. All the %U commands
are accepted by PC-VCO. Those left unimplemented are marked.
%U commands are:
%U1 Clear screen
* %U2 Send CR as CR - unimplemented
* %U3 Send CR as CR/LF - unimplemented
%U4 Set full duplex
%U5 Set half duplex
%U6 Send Break signal
* %U7 Set line wrap on - unimplemented
* %U8 Set line wrap off - unimplemented
* %U9 Set Scroll on - unimplemented
* %U0 Set Scroll off - unimplemented
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 39
Version 1.3: 861222
XIV. Script Language (continued)
%Vs Miscellaneous - VCO specific subvommands
The PROCOMM script language does not implement a %V command
(at least the version I last used - and yes I am a registered
PROCOMM user!). PC-VCO happily appropriated it for PC-VCO
specific functions.
%V commands are:
-> %V0 Voice off
-> %V1 Voice on - explicit
-> %V2 Voice on - implicit
-> %V3 Blank line suppression on (Alt-G)
-> %V4 Blank line suppression off (Alt-G)
-> %V5 High bit masking on (Alt-Z)
-> %V6 High bit masking off (Alt-Z)
-> %V7 Chat mode on (Alt-A)
-> %V8 Chat mode off (Alt-A)
-> %V9 WXMODEM send allowed
-> %VA WXMODEM send not allowed
-> %VB WXMODEM receive allowed
-> %VC WXMODEM receive not allowed
-> %VD"File_Name" Set VCO library file name
-> %VE"File_Name" Set VCO Exception file name
-> %VF PLINK/CIS mode (VCO side)
-> %VG GEnie/Delphi mode (VCO side)
%W"nn" Wait for a specified # seconds
The %W command waits for a specified interval. All text that
is received during a %W wait is displayed on the screen. The
fact of the %W command and its duration is displayed on the
status line. A %W wait can be cancelled with the ESC key.
%Xs XMODEM receive/send
The %X command allows you to send and receive files from a
script using PC-VCO's version of the XMODEM protocol. PC-VCO
implements checksum and CRC XMODEM as its standard. PC-VCO
also offers Windowed XMODEM optionally (it may be turned off).
%Xs commands are:
%XR"File_Name"
%XS"File_Name"
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 40
Version 1.3: 861222
XIV. Script Language (continued)
%Ys ASCII Send
The %Y command allows you to send and receive files from a
script using PC-VCO's version of an ASCII protocol. PC-VCO
implements an ASCII protocol in its own manner. The PROCOMM
pacing option is not offered... rather an inter-character delay
can be set. Other choices should be self-expanatory.
%Ys commands are:
* %YP"nn" Set pacing: unimplemented
%YT"File_name" Transmit file_name using ASCII send
-> %Y0"str" Set host prompt character
-> %Y1 Turn off host prompt character
-> %Y2 Transmit linefeeds on
-> %Y3 Transmit linefeeds off
-> %Y4 Tab expansion on
-> %Y5 Tab expansion off
-> %Y6"nn" Set intercharacter delay (in milliseconds)
%Zs Translate tables - unimplemented.
The PROCOMM %Z command activates and deactivates translation
table. Translation tables have not been implemented in this
version of PC-VCO. PC-VCO accepts and reports as unimplemented
the %Z command if present on a script.
%Zs commands are:
* %ZY Translate table on - unimplemented
* %ZN Translate table off - unimplemented
----------------------------------------------------------------------
The notation '->' to the left of a script command indicates that it is
not a part of the PROCOMM script language. These extensions were added
for PC-VCO, to provide its features to script file users.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
The notation '*' to the left of a script command indicates that it is
unimplemented (but will be accepted). Commands marked 'unimplemented'
are parsed and accepted by PC-VCO. SYNTAX errors in command formation
are reported, whether all of the command is implemented or no.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Note that PC-VCO must be in CRT mode to execute a script. If this
poses a dramatic limitation, write me, and we'll talk.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 41
Version 1.3: 861222
XV. Program Requirements
This program can only function on an IBM PC or DOS compatible machine.
If the VCO side of the program is to be used, the machine must be
equipped with a color graphics display adapter. Although an EGA would
provide a more close resemblance to the MacIntosh environment, no
use of the EGA is planned at this time. PC-VCO does direct to screen
buffer fetches and stores - so compatibility is an important issue.
PC-VCO disk I/O is done through the 'Handle' oriented I/O routines
added to DOS 2.0. Therefore DOS 2.0 is a minimum requirement. The
current speech driver (by Douglas Sisco) will not function with
DOS 3.xx, its document states.
PC-VCO (version 1.3) requires 144K for itself. So you need 192.
You need 256K to take advantage of the DOS Gateway.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 42
Version 1.3: 861222
XVI. Program and Author Information
This program was written using Microsoft Macro-Assembler. The author
likes assembler. Assembly language is an entirely appropriate vehicle
for some of the program, and a not-inappropriate vehicle for the rest
of it. Everything, in moderation...
The author of this program is R. Scott McGinnis of Chicago, Illinois.
PLINK and GEnie ID: TARTAN. Comment and suggestions (and criticism
in moderation) are welcomed:
R. (Scott) McGinnis
P.O. Box 3607 Mdse Mart
Chicago, IL 60654-0607
Credit for information on the VCO must be given to Kelly Major and
Mike Cohen. Credit for help on graphic displays and conversions must
be given to Mark Lewis. All three I've met through People/Link.
Collegues at 'the office', Bruce Clemens, Joe Noonan, Milton Treshansky,
and Al Paluszek have helped immeasurably with technical comments,
suggestions, and support. My wife, Elizabeth, supported me whole-
heartedly in this effort.
This program (Version 1.3) may be distributed freely with the caveat
that the Author information displayed at program termination is not
removed. If the program is found entertaining or useful, a contrib-
ution of $35.00 is requested. Should response warrant it, I will
continue to develop and support this product.
Most of the hardware names and software names in this document are
trademarks or trade names of specific manufacturers.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 43
Version 1.3: 861222 Appendices
A. Switches and parameters
Program Switches:
/1 'PLINK/CIS': Expressions sent and received are compatible with
VCO (by Mike Cohen) as used on PLINK, and VMCO (by Bob Perez)
as used on CIS. This is the default for distributed copies.
/2 'Delphi/GEnie': Expressions sent and received are compatible with
VCO (by Harry Chesley) as used on Delphi and GEnie. You may make
this the permanent default with the Alt-O menu.
/A 'Chat mode': PC-VCO can be set to default to the chat mode split
screen through the Alt-O options menu. However, you may wish to
turn chat on for some systems and off for others. The /A switch
allows the decision to be made through a batch file.
/B 'Black and White mode': PC-VCO can be set to use or not use colors
on-screen through the Alt-J Colors menu. However, if you usually
use the colors option, you will find ANSII graphics ignored. This
switch allows the colors to be turned off at PC-VCO run time.
/F 'Execute script': The /F switch followed by a legitimate file name
(for example /FPLINK.CMD) will cause the designated file to be used
as a script after PC-VCO is loaded. Note that a file name extension
is not assumed or added (as does PROCOMM).
/G 'Graphics Mode': PC-VCO is to begin in graphics (or VCO) mode.
This would be used with piggyback if the network had already
been accessed through another program.
/J 'Blank line suppression': Blank lines are used to double space
on some systems. Alt-G toggles a blank line suppression feature
interactively. /J in the run command turns the feature on when
PC-VCO is loaded. This feature can also be set through Alt-O.
/M 'Maug' mode. The graphic display does not use a Speaker's box
and thus allows a full 80 columns for text display.
/P 'Piggyback': PC-VCO will open the COM port in such a manner as
to retain another program's already opened line. When PC-VCO is
exited, the previous state is restored. This is for use with
other communications programs having a DOS Gateway (e.g. Procomm).
At last test, this feature did not work.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 44
Version 1.3: 861222 Appendices
A. Switches and parameters (continued)
Program Switches (continued)
/R 'Report Receive Errors': This switch causes all receive errors to
be reported. During testing, certain nodes of certain networks
consistantly reported framing errors. The apparent error did not
interfere with communications so report of it was suppressed.
/S 'Send Discipline': This switch causes a more robust discipline to
be used when transmitting characters out through the COM port.
CTS and DSR are turned high, and response awaited if this switch
is set. During testing it was found that this discipline would
not allow certain modems to be used (though Smartmodem seemed
happy as a clam). The excess discipline was unnecessary, and
therfore made a switchable setting.
/T 'Text Mode': PC-VCO is to begin in text (or CRT) mode. This is
the default.
/V 'Voice on': PC-VCO may be loaded with voice turned on (implicit
mode) with the /V switch. The speech driver must be loaded before
PC-VCO is run with the /V switch.
Voice in PC-VCO now has two 'ON' modes: explicit and implicit.
Implicit speech is voicing everything (that the poor speech driver
can handle). Explicit speech must be signalled with a '~{', '~[',
'{', or '['. The word following the signal must occur in the
exception file.
/VE 'Voice on, explicit': The /VE switch turns on the voice inter-
face, and sets the voice mode 'explicit' (above). The speech
driver must be loaded before PC-VCO is executed.
/VI 'Voice on, implicit': The /VI switch turns on the voice inter-
face, and sets the voice mode 'implicit' (above). The speech
driver must be loaded before PC-VCO is executed.
/X 'Debug mode': This switch enables certain resident debugging keys
(such as Cntl-F1, which prints a 64K dump to PRN). I do not
recommend you use it. I document it only for the VERY curious.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 45
Version 1.3: 861222
A. Switches and Parameters (continued)
Program parameters:
COM1 PC-VCO uses the COM1 port
COM2 PC-VCO uses the COM2 port
300 PC-VCO uses port at 300 baud
1200 PC-VCO uses port at 1200 baud
2400 PC-VCO uses port at 2400 baud
4800 PC-VCO uses port at 4800 baud
9600 PC-VCO uses port at 9600 baud
EVEN PC-VCO uses port with even parity
ODD PC-VCO uses port with odd parity
NONE PC-VCO uses port with no parity
DATA7 PC-VCO transmits/receives 7 data bits
DATA8 PC-VCO transmits/receives 8 data bits
STOP1 PC-VCO uses and expects 1 stop bit
STOP2 PC-VCO uses and expects 2 stop bits
DIAL <n> After initialization, PC-VCO dials directory entry
<n>, using the rate, parity, data and stop bits as
specified.
Program switches require no delimiters. Parameters must be preceded
by a blank. For example:
A> PC-VCO 1200 Run the program for 1200 baud communications
A> PC-VCO /P/G1200 Piggyback, immediate VCO mode, 1200 baud
A> PC-VCO /P/G 1200 Piggyback, immediate VCO mode, 1200 baud
Program defaults are:
A> PC-VCO /T COM2 300 EVEN DATA7 STOP1
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 46
Version 1.3: 861222 Appendices
B. PC-VCO Error display.
One command not listed in the F10 help display is Alt-Y. This
command displays RS232 and file errors encountered. RS232 errors
list both the last error condition recorded and a count of errors.
RS232 errors are:
Receive error. The hex value represents:
Bit 0: Shouldn't occur in display, but what do I know.
1: Overrun. Indicates that a character in the 8250
Receive buffer was not read before the next character
was received. This program enables interrupts to read
the COM port.
Bit 2: Parity error. Indicates that the parity of the
received character does not match that specified.
Bit 3: Framing error. Indicates that the character received
lacked a valid stop bit. This bit report is normally
suppressed, but may be enabled with the /R switch.
Bit 4: Break interrupt. Not too many systems send a break.
Other bits of the LSR of the 8250 are masked off.
Send error. The hex value represents:
Bit 8: A timeout occurred in one of three places:
. Waiting for DSR to go true
. Waiting for CTS to go true
. Waiting for the transmit holding register to clear
The first two conditions are normally suppressed,
but may be overridden with the /S switch.
Other bits are masked out. There is serious trouble (or my over-
sight) if anything but Hex 80 is reported.
Buffer overflow.
This program uses an interrupt service routine to read the
COM port. The ISR fills a 4096 byte buffer. The application
takes characters out of the circular receive buffer one by
one. Buffer overflow may occur when the application is
suspended - for example when a menu is pulled-down.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 47
Version 1.3: 861222 Appendices
C. Speech driver
The speech function of PC-VCO is supplied by a resident speech driver.
The resident driver and associated programs (SAY and READ) were found
on a public domain Bulletin Board in Chicago. The author's name is
not contained in the documentation, and no statement is made as to its
ownership or copyright.
The author IS identified within the executable object files. I have
attempted to contact the individual there named. No response has been
received. If the author cannot be contacted, or if the resident
speech driver is not public domain, the driver will not be included
in PC-VCO's public distribution. [Note: 861222: The speech driver was
not included in the distribution. Its author has not responded.]
PC-VCO only implements an interface to the driver. Other drivers
may be had to do the same or similar function. Interfaces to other
text-to-speech resident drivers (or linked-in) are contemplated.
A second text-to-speech driver is being pursued right now.
It is hoped that PC-VCO will eventually find a Speech driver that can
support variations in speaking rates and pitch.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 48
Version 1.3: 861222 Appendices
D. Exception File
The exception file distributed with PC-VCO is virtually that used by
the MacIntosh VCO. The exception file is a simple text file, each
line of which has the syntax:
"[" <keyword> "]" "=" <translation>
There are three types of keyword in the current exception file:
. Keywords without a special delimiter (e.g. [6] which gives a
pronunciation for numeric 6)
. Keywords with the initial delimiter "{". MacIntosh documentation
states that these are to be displayed but not spoken. Why are
they in the exception file? Beats me.
. Keywords with the initial delimiter "[" (in addition to the
initial bracket). MacIntosh documentation states that these are
to be voiced, and not displayed.
PC-VCO follows these rules, more or less. The exception file as
prepared for the MacIntosh MacTalk produces some odd results with
the present speech driver. Some changes have been made, but not
alot. Perhaps some brave soul will pitch in.
On the other hand, the exception file does provide pronunciation
for tokens that otherwise would be skipped by the present speech
driver (e.g. simple numerics).
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 49
Version 1.3: 861222 Appendices
E. Files
Program files: PC-VCO expects the following files on the
default drive (and subdirectory)
PC-VCO.DFT Parameter save area (Alt-S and Alt-P)
PC-VCO.DIR Dialing directory (PROCOMM compatible)
PC-VCO.MAC Macro definition (PROCOMM compatible)
PC-VCO will automatically update the .DFT file if the program version
number is different from the .DFT file version number. When PC-VCO is
loaded, the old file format will be loaded. A new file will then be
created to replace the old file.
PC-VCO will create these files if they are not present (with default
values), an empty dialing directory, and empty macro definition).
Different versions of PC-VCO will require different structures to
the .DFT file... previous versions (with the exception of 1.0) will
be accepted - however when a new major (e.g. 1.0, 2.0, ...) is
released the previous .DFT file probably should be purged (and recreated
by PC-VCO) or replaced with the new copy provided in the ARC.
PC-VCO also uses (if available) the following files:
PC-VCO.EXC Exception file for speech processing
PC-VCO.FLB Face library
Each of these file names may be changed through the ALT-S
(Setup) Menu. PC-VCO currently implements the rule for file
names: If the given file name carries a drive spec (i.e. C:)
or path (subdirectory), the name is taken 'as is'. If neither
condition holds, the default drive and subdirectory are added
to the file name.
PC-VCO can share Dialing Directory and Macro Definition files
with PROCOMM. In this case the subdirectory on which these files
may be found must be specified through the Alt-S function, and
the values saved for subsequent executions. PC-VCO's updates
to these files will be acceptible to PROCOMM, and PROCOMM's to
PC-VCO (True at least through version 2.0 of PROCOMM).
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 50
Version 1.3: 861222 Appendices
F. Windowed XMODEM (WXMODEM)
In June, 1986, Peter Boswell of PLINK issued a specification for an
XMODEM protocol variant called Windowed XMODEM (WXMODEM to friends).
WXMODEM was designed primarily to overcome delays that are imposed by
the X.25 networks. X.25 network delays are mostly imperceptible to
conversational users of the networks... however, users performing file
transfers might expect to see up to 50% of the transfer time incurred
by these delays!
Asynchronous communications lines do not suffer these same delays.
When someone accustomed to Bulletin Boards dialed through a direct phone
lines enters the X.25 environment, the 'feel' of file transfers is found
to be entirely 'too slow'. The difference is entirely in the X.25 net-
work (and many times intervening satellite hops).
Windowed XMODEM also accomodates the requirements of new services such
as PC Pursuit... allowing XON/XOFF flow control to be excercised by the
network during a binary file transfer (this is not possible with XMODEM
as transparency is required). Flow control allows higher data rates to
be supported while retaining existing network interconnects.
Windowed XMODEM was implemented on PLINK in September, 1986. Many comm
programs on many different machines have been modified or written to
implement WXMODEM for PLINK communications. The difference in through-
put between CRC XMODEM and WXMODEM is astounding. I measure at least
35% and sometimes as much as 40% improvement in transfer times. In real
terms, this means the difference between 24 minutes and 40 minutes for
a download of the same (approximately 120K) file at 1200 baud.
Windowed XMODEM is still a new protocol. Its developers discovered
quite a few practicalities not addressed in the original specification
during its implementation. In fact - these matters are currently being
debated in the PLINK Amiga Club. However - WXMODEM has proven to be a
stable and satisfying implementation. I'm delighted to add its power
to PC-VCO.
For the technically inclined, the Windowed XMODEM specification will be
found on many bulletin boards and most systems as WXMODEM.ARC. An
excellent analysis of XMODEM problems in an X.25 environment by Peter
Boswell will be found in the 'Protocol Project' section of the IBM Club
of PLINK. In the latter paper, Peter quantifies exactly the delays and
their predicted overhead in the X.25 environment.
PC-VCO: IBM PC Visual Conferencing Page 51
Version 1.3: 861222 Appendices
G. ANSI graphics
PC-VCO is capable of displaying ANSI graphics on the CRT side. ANSI
graphics are used by some services and Bulletin Boards to enrich the
display through the use of colors.
PC-VCO does not itself execute the ANSI graphics. An optional device
driver, ANSI.SYS, is provided with DOS 2.0 and above for this purpose.
Replacements for ANSI.SYS are available on all the systems and boards,
offering increased functionality and additional utility. For example,
the FANSI device driver (shareware by Hersey Micro Consulting) offers:
. improvements in screen display speed,
. considerably more control sequences than ANSI.SYS,
. DEC VT100 emulation (which therefore is available to you in PC-VCO
if you use FANSI),
. a backscreen function,
. one finger typing,
. increased typeahead buffer
. and many many other functional enhancements
In order to use ANSI graphics through PC-VCO, you must have a device
driver installed in your DOS. This is very simply done. If you opt
to use ANSI.SYS, all that is required is that the text:
DEVICE=ANSI.SYS
be added to the file CONFIG.SYS on the root directory of your boot
disk, and the PC re-booted (Ctl-Alt-Del). If there is no CONFIG.SYS
file on the root directory of your boot disk, create one containing
the line above (see also the note on DOS gateway), and then re-boot.
Other device drivers, as FANSI mentioned above, will have their own
installation requirements. Refer to the documentation for the device
driver you wish to use in place of ANSI.SYS for instructions.
Once you've installed the ANSI device, nothing more need be done. When
PC-VCO is run with 'screen colors off', ANSI graphics will be displayed.
Some Bulletin boards will ask 'Do you want color graphics (Y/N)' when
you enter (for example, Bulletin boards of the type 'PC Bulletin Board'
ask this question). Answer 'y' if you want the additional graphics.
Some Bulletin boards even go so far as to provide music with their
displays (for example, RBBS type Bulletin boards). PC-VCO doesn't
do music, right now. It may in the future, if you want it to do so.
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Version 1.3: 861222 Appendices
H. Example scripts
A script to dial Telenet (entry number 10 in the provided dialing
directory), and connect to a service looks like:
---------------------------------------------------------------------
%M"^Gdialing PLINK through Telenet"
%C"10" ; Call dial dir entry number 10 (Telenet)
%T"!" ; Transmit Carriage return <CR>
%T"!" ; Transmit Carriage return <CR>
%I"TERMINAL=" ; Wait for "TERMINAL=" to be received
%T"d1!" ; give telenet the terminal identifier
%I"@" ; Wait for "@" to be received
%T"C 312 63!" ; Send request to telenet for PLINK
%I"USER ID:" ; Wait for "User ID:" to be received
%A ; Sound alarm
---------------------------------------------------------------------
A script to dial a modem direct, send three carriage returns, and
wait for the logon prompt looks like:
---------------------------------------------------------------------
%M "^GDialing PLINK direct"
%C"1" ; Call dial dir entry number 24 (PLINK)
%W"5" ; Wait for the pad to settle down
%T"!" ; Transmit Carriage return <CR>
%W"1" ; Wait 1 sec
%T"!" ; Transmit Carriage return <CR>
%W"1" ; Wait 1 sec
%T"!" ; Transmit Carriage return <CR>
%I"USER ID:" ; Wait for the 'USER ID' prompt
%SY ; Turn sound on
%A ; Sound alarm
---------------------------------------------------------------------
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Version 1.3: 861222 Appendices
I. Command Index
-------------------------------------------------------------
Key Meaning Page
------- ----------------------------------------------- -----
------- Commands available in CRT and VCO modes -------------
-------------------------------------------------------------
F1 Switch between CRT and VCO modes. 7
F10 Help screen. 7
Alt-F10 DOS Gateway. 32
Ctl_End Send a Break. 7
Alt-A Toggle chat mode (on CRT screen) 29
Alt-B Redisplay (backscreen). 29
Alt-C Clear the screen. 30
Alt-D Dialing directory. 14-15
Alt-E Toggle echo (full/half duplex). 30
Alt-F File directory. 28
Alt-G Toggle blank line suppression 30
Alt-H Hang-up. 16
Alt-I Program information. 7
Alt-J Set screen colors 24
Alt-M Define a macro for Alt-0 through Alt-9. 17
Alt-O Set program options. 22-24
Alt-P Comm Parameters. 21
Alt-R Redial the last number dialed. 16
Alt-S Setup. Define initial program values. 18-20
Alt-T Elapsed time. 30
Alt-V Toggle voice (off, on implicit) 30
Alt-X Exit the program. 31
Alt-Y Error information. 46
Alt-Z Toggle parity mask. 31
Alt-0/9 Send a Macro. 17
-------------------------------------------------------------
------- Commands available only in CRT mode -----------------
-------------------------------------------------------------
F2 Perform a script 33-40
F3 XMODEM upload. 25
F4 XMODEM download. 26
F5 ASCII upload. 27
F6 ASCII download. 28
F7 Toggle logging (transcripting). 29
F8 Toggle display of typed characters. 29
F9 Toggle Log hold. 10